Soil Cement
Soil cement is a construction material that mixes soil, cement, and water. It is a type of soil stabilization technique that improves the properties of the native soil, making it …
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Types of Meridian
True meridian: It is at a point a grade circle passing through the geographical north and south pole of earths surface. Magnetic meridian: It is a direction shown by a …
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Triangulation Survey
Reconnaissance Erection of Signals & Towers Measurement of Horizontal Angles Astronomical Observations Necessary to Determine the True Meridian and the Absolute Positions of the Stations Measurement of Baseline Adjustment of …
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Principles and Basic measurements in surveying
Principles of surveying: To locate the point with respect to two known points Working from the whole to the part but not from part to the whole. Accumulation of errors …
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Types of Scales Used in Surveying
There are two types of scales used in surveying. Numerical scale: 1. Engineer’s Scale: In engineer’s scale, the scale of a map or drawing is the proportion which every distance …
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Common Instrumental Errors in Linear Measurement in Surveying
Length other than standard Tape manufacturers do not guarantee 100 ft steel tapes to be exactly 100.00 ft. An error due to the incorrect length occurs every time the tape …
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When Suitable and Not Suitable for Chain Survey
Chain Surveying is Suitable Ground is fairly level and simple Plans are required on large scale e.g. fields When area is small in extent Chain Surveying is Not Suitable For …
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Definition of Land Surveying
Land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional position of points and the distances and angles between them, commonly practiced by licensed surveyors, …
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