Difference Between Short Column and Long Column

Short Column
Long Column
A column is considered to be short if the ratio of effective length to its least lateral dimension is less than or equal to 12. A column is considered to be long if the ratio of effective length of column to its least lateral dimension is greater than 12.
The ratio of effective length of a short column to its least radius of gyration is less than or equal to 40. The ratio of effective length of a  long column to its least radius of gyration is greater than  40.
Buckling tendency is very low. Long  and slender columns buckle easily.
The load carrying capacity is high as compared to long column of the same cross sectional area. The load carrying capacity is less as compared to  short column of the same cross sectional area.
The failure of the short column is by crushing. The column generally fails in buckling.

 

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