What is a Column, Short Column, Long Column

Column:

A column is a vertical compression member.  A column is subjected to axial compressive loads.

Short Column:

When the ratio of effective length to the least lateral dimensions of the column is less than 12, then it is called a short column.

(or)

When the ratio of effective length to the least radius of gyration is less than 45, then it is called a short column.

Long Column:

When the ratio of effective length to the least radius of gyration is greater than 45, then it is called a long column.

A long column is subjected to bending moment in addition to direct compressive stress.

The load carrying capacity of a long column is less than a short column.

The load carrying capacity of a long column depends upon slenderness ratio (slenderness ratio increases then the capacity of the column decreases).

 

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